Maritime history is the wide over-extending subject that includes fishing, whaling, world maritime laws, naval history, , ship's design, ship's history shipconstructing, the Navigation history, history of the many sciences (oceanography, cartography, hydrography, etc.), sea exploration, maritime economics & trade, shipping, yachting, seaside resorts, the history of lighthouses & aids to navigation, maritime themes in literature, maritime themes in art, the social history of sailors & sea-related communities all related to the Maritime.
The time of great age
In very old maritime period the first boats are supposed to have been dugout canoes, made by various old stone age peoples, and they used it for the fishing and traveling on the seas. The natives of the Pacific Northwest were very expert at building ships and other materials from the wood. Best recognized for totem poles up to 80 feet (24 m) tall, they also build dugout canoes over 60 feet (18 m) long for daily use and to use in ceremonies.
The oldest boats may have been built as old as 45,000 years ago. The oldest refernce to an organization dedicated to ships in oldest India is to the "Mauryan Empire" from the 4th century BC. It is said that the navigation as a science started on the river Indus some 5000 years ago
The Ancient Egyptians , A ancient civilization of eastern North Africa also contributed in the construction of the sail with the help their knowledge in science of aerodynamics. They sailed from the Red Sea around Africa to the mouth of the Nile river. There were many events that have been occured at different times, known from historical reports, archaeological finds, and cultural comparisons. The martime had its own value in the past with that time of peoples.
Ancient Navigation
The age of navigation is very historical and has used since ancient times. In the eldiest time Lateen-ships also named "Dhow" were used for sailing on Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Persian Gulf by the indians and arbians. The southeast asia, polynesia and Northern Europe also contributed a lot and the transport were completely depending on them prior to 1000 AD. Chinese created massive ships which could carry 200 people at a time, as old as 200 AD. The ancient greece invented Astrolabe that was the main device of Celestial navigation in old age of maritime. The Muslim scientists more developed this tool and used for the sailing. The Majun a wise engineer of the ancient china invented the South Pointing Chariot also named carraige,a two-wheeled vehicle that carried a movable pointer to indicate the south direction, later the chinese used magnetic needle submersed in a bowl of water, who always pointed in the sothern central direction. The Alexander Neckham was the first in inventing the magnetized needle, later the pivot-needle dry-box compass was used by European, This tool also pointed in the north cardinal direction like the modern compass. The chinese after sometime also used the compass-card which they bring with the help of japanese pirates in sixteenth century.
Fleets' history
There were many ships, used in the old ages. The Longships were naval vessels made and used by the Vikings from the Nordic countries for merchant, commerce, transport, and battle during the Viking Age in 9th century. They were considered expert in runing these ships.The longship is known as a nobel, long, narrow, light, wooden boat with a shallow-draft hull designed for the speed. The common speed of Viking ships distinguished from ship to ship, but lay in the close range of 5–10 knots and the high speed of a longship under normal conditions was around 15 knots. The cog and knaar were also created after the longship on the same mechanism. These ships used the clinker method for their construction. The muslims created the caraval ships and used carvel method to construct the ship in 13 century. The Mediterranean invented another ship carrack in the 15 century. The carrack was heavier vessel than the caravel. The ship "Santa Maria" used by columbus was a well known example of carrack.
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